Gazovaya promyshlennost’№ 10 2017

» Method for the assessmeng of the reliability of the line telemechanics system

To increase the reliability of the Automatic Process Control System (APCS), Gazprom transgaz Makhachkala LLC, implemented a monitoring system of the line telemechanics system (LTS) since all facilities of the APCS use the LTS as a source of primary information. The monitoring is based upon the analysis of data obtained from the data collection server base of the LTS which guarantees their fairness. As a parameter that characterizes the reliability of the LTS, one uses the mean relative time to failure (MRTTF) which demonstrates a possibility of one facility of the system failing to perform its functions. There is a capacity to establish the impact upon the reliability of the main factors – external power supply, connection, backup power supply and hardware and software complex. The extraction and analysis of data from the basis are performed with the help of specific software. The analysis of obtained data helped identify the bottlenecks of the system and develop measures to increase its reliability. The low quality of power supply of certain remote facilities of the APCS had the most impact upon the loss in reliability.

Keywords: LINE TELEMECHANICS SYSTEM, RELIABILITY, RELIABILITY CRITERION, RELIABILITY MONITORING, DATA BASE, SOFTWARE, POWER SUPPLY.

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» Case record of using thermally insulated directions to prevent the defrosting of perpetually frozen soil at multiple well platforms of the Novoportovsky Oil and Gas Condensate Field

» Advantages of natural gas as motor fuel

The article considers the general principle of using natural gas as a motor fuel, and also analyzes the situation with gas engine transport in Russia and in the world. Presented are the «Historical» Part, which shows in details the development of the gas engine industry; the «Technical» Section, describing the principles of the operation of biofuel and mono-fuel gas engines, CNG filling stations and multi-fuel gas stations, as well as the «Economic» Section, which proves the economic efficiency of the construction of the gas motor fuel infrastructure (GMF) in Russia and government stimulation of this process. The ecological aspect of using natural gas as a motor fuel is considered. The subject of the article is assonant with one of the main vectors of the Russian Energy Week and the 7th St. Petersburg International Gas Forum, it is no accident that an excerpt from the speech of the President of the Russian Federation V.V. Putin is quoted as comment.

Keywords: GAS MOTOR FUEL, NATURAL GAS, METHANE, CNG FILLING STATIONS, BIO-FUEL ENGINE, MULTI-FUEL FILLING STATIONS, ENERGY EFFICIENCY, TRANSPORT, ECOLOGY, INFRASTRUCTURE.

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» The state of geological exploration and development of the Murmansk gas field in the Barents sea

» Post-event analysis of the state of geological exploration of fields for the purpose of assessing design uncertainties when developing large gas fields

The article proposes a method for the identification of fields and geological parameters which are marked by a high degree of uncertainty. The nature of the method lies in a successive geological and hydrodynamic modeling with various volumes of initial geophysical well survey (GWS) data. Following the results of the modeling, one will assess the changes of geological reserves, volumetric parameters and development parameters from one implementation of the model to another. The use of this method allows identifying fields with a high degree of uncertainty where one may plan works on the specification of the geological structure in the future. The advantage of the proposed post-event analysis over other methods for the identification of geological uncertainties lies in the alignment of the results of the geological and hydrodynamic modeling which allows finding fields with high risks of the disconfirmation of the geological structure with a high degree of accuracy.

Keywords: GEOLOGICAL MODELING, DEVELOPMENT MODELING AND MONITORING, FORMATION PRESSURE, GAS-WATER CONTACT UPHEAVAL, ANALYSIS OF UNCERTAINTY.

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» Problem and perspective of processing of coking gases of heavy petroleum feedstock

Delayed coking is an evolving refining process, whose capacities for processed raw materials reached 15.8 million tons per year as of the beginning of 2017. Resulting in the delayed coking process, the coke by-product hydrocarbon gas in most cases finding qualification application and is flared. In this paper, studies were made of the composition of the hydrocarbon gas of the coking process obtained from various types of tar and asphalt raw materials of the deasphalting process of this tar obtained from a mixture of West Siberian oils. Evaluated the effect on the hydrocarbon composition of the coking process pressure in the range of most typical delayed coking process from 0.15 to 0.35 MPa. The gas was taken at a temperature of 340–370 ºC, and the coking temperature was 500 ºC. The yield of hydrocarbon gases was from 13.47 to 16.26 % in the coking of tar, and when coking asphalt from 15.00 to 16.27 %. A significant part of the coking gases is represented by olefins, the content of which totals 16.23–18.27 % for tar coking gases and 16.29–21.45 % for coking gases of asphalt. At the same time, of them, propylene in coking gases of asphalt contains 9.35–10.83 %, and for coking gases of tar is 7.22–9.36 %. The amount of butenes in the coking gases of tar at higher coking pressures above 0.25 MPa becomes higher than in coking gases of asphalt, and reaches values of 7.42–7.88 %. The high content of hydrogen sulphide in coking gases obtained from tar and asphalt, respectively 10.29–10.89 % and 13.33–15.33 %, requires their preliminary cleaning before further processing. Solution to the problem associated with the cleaning amine coker gas flowing at a relatively high pressure of 2 to 7 MPa, compared to the coking process may be a liquid-ring mounting medium pressure compressor. Further potentially valuable components of olefins can be recovered, and the remaining coke oven gas is used as a gaseous fuel for coking ovens.

Keywords: COKING GASES, DELAYED COKING, GAS PROCESSING, HYDROCARBON COMPOSITION, OLEFINS, COMPRESSION.

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» Assessing the possible impact of the changes of climatic and natural conditions upon corrosion of the underground linear part of high pressure gas pipelines

» Topicality and problems of measuring the hydrocarbon condensation temperature in natural gas

The problems of controlling the quality of gas by its hydrocarbon condensation temperature (HCT) have recently been more and more topical which is due to the fact the importers of Russian gas have introduced an HCT parameter into delivery agreements and that HCT requirements have been toughened. When using the widely accepted approach to drawing a HCT measuring diagram, condensation hygrometers produced by different manufacturers have a number of fundamental differences in the optical condensate registration circuit, the means of processing the obtained results and the design of the cooled mirror. Comparative tests of main gas performed with the use of a large number of HCT measuring devices produced by different manufacturers of Russia, showed a significant divergence of figures, up to 15 ºС. At the same time, all types of measuring devices successfully pass the propane calibration method adopted in Russia.

Keywords: NATURAL GAS, GAS TRANSPORT PREPARATION, DEW POINT, HYDROCARBON CONDENSATION TEMPERATURE, DEW POINT TRANSDUCER, AUTOMATED DEW POINT ANALYZER, HUMIDITY ANALYZER, OPTICAL HYDROMETER CONDENSATION REGISTRATION CIRCUIT, VISUAL METHOD OF MEASURING THE DEW POINT TEMPERATURE, GAS PREPARATION SYSTEM.

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» Innovative method for maintenance of a long state of repair of the main gas pipeline and gas pipeline branch from low alloyed steels upon their decommissioning

» Peculiarities of stress-corrosion cracking at the modern stage of operation of gas main pipelines

The article presents the materials on the volume of stress-corrosion cracking (SCC) of main pipelines (MP) with a diameter of 1,420 mm which have served a full service life (33 years). When carrying out a total overhaul (re-insulation) of sections of the MP with a diameter of 1,420 mm whose total length is 162 km, more than 13.5 thousand pipes underwent technical revision. Statistics show that 59.2 % of pipes are subject to SCC. SCC defects are approximately evenly spread at «hot» and «cold» sections. There is no crystal clear quantitative-related correlation between SCC and the number of longitudinal joints. Furthermore, there is no significant difference in wall thickness for SCC, i.e. in MP categories either. SCC defects of a longitudinal type practically never go to the depth, but have a tendency to a growth in volumes and to affect new pipes and to expand the area of the existing defects. All these factors testify to the fact that the failure probability caused by longitudinal SCC is small.

Keywords: GAS MAIN PIPELINE, STRESS-CORROSION CRACKING, DIAGNOSTICS, RE-INSULATION.

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» Environmental protection during the development of Achimov deposits

Environmental protection measures are a priority in the activities of Gazprom dobycha Urengoy LLC. The article is devoted to the development and implementation of energy-saving and environmental innovations implemented in recent years. Changes of the conditions for the production of hydrocarbon raw materials require the introduction of modern technical solutions for improving industrial processes in the production and treatment of gas. During the development of Achimov deposits of Urengoy oil, gas, condensate field, modern domestic equipment was introduced that allowed to optimize the operation of gas condensate wells and due to this to reduce losses of hydrocarbon raw materials as well as greenhouse gas emissions into the atmosphere. Gas dynamic studies of the gas condensate wells of the Achimov deposits are conducted without gas release into the atmosphere. High efficiency of environmental safety system in Gazprom dobycha Urengoy LLC provides for rational nature management in the development of hydrocarbon resources of the deposits of the Big Urengoy.

Keywords: INNOVATIVE ECOLOGICAL METHODS, PITLESS DRILLING, STUDIES OF THE WELLS WITHOUT GAS RELEASE INTO THE ATMOSPHERE, REDUCTION OF POLLUTANT EMISSIONS, INTRODUCTION OF INNOVATIVE SCHEMES, METHANOL CONSUMPTION OPTIMIZATION, ENVIRONMENTALLY SAFE WASTE WATER DISPOSAL, INDUSTRIAL AND ECOLOGICAL MONITORING AND CONTROL.

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» New developmental horizons for the exhaust complex BUTEK-0.5 at a linear compressor plant

The article reviews the issues of unification, energy efficiency and reliability of the exhaust energy complex BUTEK-0.5 Powered by the gas pumping unit ГПА-Ц-6.3 which is widely used at the facilities of Gazprom PJSC. Based upon the long-term operating experience of the energy complex, one identified some design flaws of the main production unit of the complex – an exhaust hit boiler (EHB). The analysis of the design flaws, as well as a set of experimental and analytical study, which were performed by experts of Gazprom transgaz Moscow LLC, allowed implementing a number of process solutions whose primary aim was to use the energy complex powered by gas pumping unit ГПА-Ц-6.3 with any gas turbine engines (GTE) from the power line of engines (НК-12СТ, НК-14СТ, Д-336). One also managed to increase the reliability and performance coefficient of the whole unit and to ensure the repair capability of the complex. It is worthy of note that there is a high potential for replicating process solutions when implementing projects of exhaust energy complexes at gas pumping units (GPU) of the linear compressor plants (LCP) of Gazprom PJSC.

Keywords: EXHAUST HIT BOILER, HEAT RECOVERY, GAS TURBINE ENGINE, GAS PUMPING UNIT, PERFORMANCE COEFFICIENT, MODULAR EXHAUST THERMAL ENERGY COMPLEX.

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Gazovaya promyshlennost’ № 10 2017

Read in this issue:

Automation (including Robotics for oil and gas industry, Software systems, Data analysis, etc.)

Drilling and well construction

NATURAL GAS VEHICLE FUEL

GEOLOGY AND GAS FIELDS DEVELOPMENT

Gas and gas condensate processing

Repair and diagnostics of main pipelines, compressor plants and pumping stations

Gas and gas condensate transportation

Ecology

POWER SUPPLY SERVICE AND ENERGY EFFICIENCY