Территория Нефтегаз № 2 2015

» Development of the diagnostics analytical stage to enhance efficiency of smart pigging at main gas pipelines

According to the analysis of possibility to identify defects at main gas pipelines using in–line magnetic fault detectors of TFI and MFL type, the article describes the areas of work on smart pigging efficiency enhancement: switching from manual data processing technology to an automated one on the basis of solving the problems associated with defects recognition by the artificial intel- ligence system, experimental substantiation of the datasheet threshold for stress corrosion cracking identification, development of methods for gas pipelines durability calculation according to smart pigging data based on generalizing the results of defective in–situ pipe tests performed on a created hydraulic bench, etc. Performance of the work package in these areas will allow en- hancement of MGP overhaul programs development quality and implementation efficiency, as well as reliability and safety of gas pipelines in general with optimization of repair and diagnostics cost.

Keywords: smart pigging, stress corrosion cracking, defect identification threshold, data processing automation, defects identification, overhaul, durability, in-situ pipes testing.

Authors:

Ye.S. Vasin, Chief Engineer of the Expert and Analytical Center for Optimization of Diagnostics and Repair Operations at the Linear Part of Orgenergogaz JSC Gas Pipelines (Moscow, Russia), Doctor of Engineering, e-mail: e.vasin@oeg.gazprom.ru;
I.I. Veliyulin, Director of the Expert and Analytical Center for Optimization of Diagnostics and Repair Operations at the Linear Part of Orgenergogaz JSC Gas Pipelines (Moscow, Russia), Doctor of Engineering, e-mail: i.i.veliyulin@oeg.gazprom.ru

References:

1.Defektov trub i soedinitel’nyh detaley pri remonte i diagnostirovanii magistral’nykh gazoprovodov [Instruction for assessment of pipelines and f ittings defects upon repair and diagnostics of the main gas pipelines]. Moscow, Gazprom JSC, 2013.
2. Manual for Determining the Remaining Strength of Corroded Pipelines, ANSI/ASME V31G. The American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1984.
3.R Gazprom 2-2.3-691-2013 «Metodika formirovaniya programm tekhnicheskogo diagnostirovaniya i remonta ob’ektov lineynoi chasti magistral’nykh gazoprovodov OAO «Gazprom» [R Gazprom 2-2.3-691-2013 Methods for programming technical diagnostics and repair of the linear par t of main gas pipelines of unif ied gas supply system of Gazprom JSC]. Moscow, Gazprom JSC, 2013.

For citation:
Vasin Ye.S., Veliyulin I.I.Razvitie analiticheskogo jetapa diagnostirovanija dlja povyshenija jef fektivnosti vnutritrubnoj diagnostiki magistral’nyh gazoprovodov [Development of the diagnostics analytical stage to enhance efficiency of smart pigging at main gas pipelines]. Territoriya «NEFTEGAZ» – Oil and gas Territory, 2015, No 2. P. 56–62.

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» Rolling drilling tool driven tips structure geometry improvement

The results are provided for the work focused on improvement in the geometry of the structure of driven tips of roller drilling tools. The analysis is performed for the principles of cutting of materials and basic geometric characteristics of cutting tools. It is found that the cylindrical mill is the tool the closest to the drilling bit rolling cutters in terms of impact on the processed material in vertical and horizontal planes. Common and distinctive features of the operation of cylindrical mill teeth during cut-down milling and the teeth of the drilling bit rolling cutters during slipping of the structure are considered. The study is performed for kinematic coupling of the teeth, driven tips of the structure of rolling drilling tools with the rocks, and the basic geometric characteristics of the structure are determined, influencing the performance of destruction of soft plastic rocks. As a result, a new construction design was developed for asymmetric teeth structure of the rolling cutters. The performed tests showed that equipping of the rolling drilling tool with asymmetric teeth structure with particularly directed wear flats might significantly enhance the efficiency of its operation due to considerable reduction of loads necessary for implementation and destruction of the surface of bottom using the drilling tool teeth. This design solution will allow not only increasing the drilling penetration rate of the rolling drilling tool but also enhancing resistance of its structure, due to reduction of loads having impact on it.

Keywords: rolling cutter drilling bit, milling effect, structure teeth.

Authors:

D.Yu. Serikov, Gubkin Russian State University of Oil and Gas (Moscow, Russia), e-mail: serrico@rambler.ru, Candidate of Sciences (Engineering), Associate Professor

References:

1. Kozhevnikov D.V., Grechishnikov V.A., Kirsanov S.V. et al. Rezhutshiy instrument [Cutting Tools]. Moscow, Mashinostroyeniye, 2004. 512 p.
2. Serikov D.Yu., Gaffanov R.F. Analiz napryazhennogo sostoyaniya tsentrobezhno-ob’emno-armirovannogo kosozubogo vooruzheniya vedomykh ventsov sharoshechnogo burovogo instrumenta [Analysis of stress condition of the centrifugal volume armored helical structure of the driven tips of rolling drilling tool]. Oborudovanie i tehnologii dlja neftegazovogo kompleksa = Equipment and technologies for the oil and gas industry, 2014, No 4, pp. 8.
3. Bugay Yu.H., Vorob’ev I.V. Tsentrobezhno-armirovannyi porodorazrushayutshiy burovoi instrument [Centrifugal armored rock cutting tool]. L’vov, Vytsha shkola, 1989. 204 p.

For citation:
Serikov D.Yu. Sovershenstvovanie geometrii vooruzhenija vedomyh vencov sharoshechnogo burovogo instrumenta [Rolling Drilling Tool Driven Tips Structure Geometry Improvement]. Territoriya «NEFTEGAZ» – Oil and gas Territory, 2015, No 2. P. 25–31.

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» Efficiency increase of well development at Eastern Siberia deposits

This provides assessment of influence of geological properties of reservoirs and their permeability and porosity on exploratory wells efficiency of Eastern Siberia deposits. In most cases, design production rates of oil and gas are proved to be not achieved during well development. The article provides results of the exploratory well drilling and development experience analysis, as well as research of various factors influence on the efficiency increase. Accounting of influence of geological characteristics of bottomhole formation zone (BFZ) rocks on development and subsequent operation condition of oil and gas wells is shown to be a topical problem and requires a solution for certain mining and geological conditions of deposits development and exploitation. The results referred to in this article, of the research of permeability and porosity (PP) change of carbonate and terrigenous reservoir beds, show that in the event of well operation conditions change, their integrated research should be carried out for correction of changing BFZ PP, as well as inflow intensification. Based on the performed research, a new well development method has been developed and tested to ensure increase of their efficiency several times compared to stationary acid treatment. The developed method for the wells efficiency increase after their completion by drilling and repair completion enables: well development efficiency increase by shortening time of BFZ exposure to foam acid emulsion; well efficiency increase by the treatment interval extension; using standard oilfield equipment.

Keywords: development of wells, East Siberia, drilling wells, completion of productive formations, foam-acid emulsion

Authors:

Ye.V. Melnikova, Center for Development and Operation of Gas, Oil and Gas Deposits, Gazprom VNIIGAZ LLC (Russia, Moscow), research assistant of Gas Condensate, Oil and Gas Deposits Development Design and Analysis Laboratory, e-mail: E_Melnikova@vniigaz.gazprom.ru;
V.I. Nifantov, GazpromVNIIGAZ LLC (Russia, Moscow), Doctor of Engineering, senior research assistant of Underground Gas Storage Well Construction and Overhaul Technologies Laboratory, Underground Gas Storage Center, e-mail: V_Nifantov@vniigaz.gazprom.ru

References:

1.Gurova T.I., Chernova L.S., Potlova M.M., et al. Litologija i uslovija formirovanija rezervuarov nefti i gaza Sibirskoj platformy [Lithology and formation conditions of oil and gas reservoirs of Siberian platform], Moscow, Nedra publishing house, 1981, 436 p.
2. Ivchenko O.V. Zavisimost' udel'noj produktivnosti terrigennyh kollektorov ot ih facial'noj prinadlezhnosti na primere severnogo bloka botuobinskogo gorizonta Chajandinskogo mestorozhdenija [Dependence of specific efficiency of terrigenous reservoirs on their facial belonging by the example of the northern block of Botuobinsky horizon of the Chayandinskoye deposit], Sbornik nauchnyh statej aspirantov i soiskatelej OOO «GazpromVNIIGAZ» [Collection of scientific articles of post-graduate students and degree seeking students of GazpromVNIIGAZ LLC], Moscow, 2013, pp. 42–50.
3. Shemin G.G Geologija i perspektivy neftegazonosnosti venda i nizhnego kembrija central'nyh rajonov Sibirskoj platformy (Nepsko-botuobinskaja, Bajkitskaja anteklizy, Katangskaja sedloviny) [Geology and outlooks of oil and gas content of the Vendian and Low Cambrian in the central areas of the Siberian platform (Nepsko-Botuobinskaya, Baykitskaya anticlises, Katangskaya saddles)], Moscow, The RAS Siberian branch, 2007, 467 p.
4. Nifantov, V.I., Melnikova, Ye.V., Borodin, S.A., Kaminskaya, Yu.V., Pishchukhin, V.M., Piskaryov, S.A. Oil and gas well development method [Sposob osvoenija neftjanyh i gazovyh skvazhin]. Patent RF No 2012139178/03; published on 20.03.2014, Bul. No. 8.
5. Order of Rostekhnadzor «Federal rules and regulations in industrial safety «Safety Rules in the Oil and Gas Industry» of 12.03.2013 No 101. (in Russ.)

For citation:
Melnikova Ye.V., Nifantov V.I. Povyshenie jeffektivnosti osvoenija skvazhin na mestorozhdenijah Vostochnoj Sibiri [Efficiency increase of well development at Eastern Siberia deposits]. Territorija «NEFTEGAZ» – Oil and gas Territory, 2015, No 2. P. 18–24.

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» Analytical simulation of Errors in measurement of gas flow in gas distribution systems

Due to the functioning conditions of gas distribution networks that have changed in recent years increase of service life and, as consequence, wear of equipment, the problem of ensuring efficient, reliable and environmentally safe operation of networks remains quite relevant. One of the most important target is providing of accurate metering of supplied clean fuel. The paper provides a method for analytical simulation of errors for accurate metering of gas consumption in gas distribution networks allowing reduction of irrational losses of gas and enhancement of operational safety of gas distribution systems.

Keywords: natural gas, gas distribution networks, gas consumption metering, flow ratio, measuring orifice.

Authors:

I.R. Baykov, Ufa State Petroleum Technological University (Ufa, Republic of Bashkortostan, Russia), Doctor of Engineering, Professor, Head of Industrial Heat Engineering Department;
S.V. Kitayev, Ufa State Petroleum Technological University (Ufa, Republic of Bashkortostan, Russia), Doctor of Engineering, Assistant Professor of Oil and Gas Transportation and Storage Department;
G.I. Zubailov, Giproniigaz JSC (Saratov, Russia), PhD in Engineering, Chief Engineer

References:

1. Dinkov V.A., Galiullin Z.T., Podkopayev A.P., Kondratyev V.S. Izmerenie i uchet raskhoda gaza [Measurement and metering of gas consumption]: Reference Book. Moscow, Nedra, 1979. 304 p.
2. Baykov I.R., Zhdanova T.G., Gareyev E.A. Modelirovanie tekhnologicheskikh protsessov truboprovodnogo transporta nefti i gaza [Simulation of the oil and gas pipeline transportation processes)]. Ufa State Oil Technical University, 1994. 128 p.
3. Baykov I.R., Kitayev S.V., Talkhin S.R. Ekspluatatsiya energomekhanicheskogo oborudovaniya v sovremennykh usloviyakh [Power and mechanical equipment operation in the current context]. Neftegazovoe delo = Oil and Gas Engineering, 2007, No. 1, Vol. 5. Pp. 159–162.Baykov I.R. Ekspluatatsiya energomekhanicheskogo oborudovaniya v sovremennykh usloviyakh (Power and mechanical equipment operation in the current context) / I.R. Baykov, S.V. Kitayev, S.R. Talkhin // Oil and Gas Engineering. – 2007. – 2007. – No. 1. – Vol. 5. – P. 159–162.

For citation:
Baykov I.R., Kitayev S.V., Zubailov G.I. Analiticheskoe modelirovanie pogreshnostej izmerenija rashoda gaza v sistemah gazoraspredelenija [Analytical Simulation Of Errors In Measurement Of Gas Flow In Gas Distribution Systems]. Territoriya «NEFTEGAZ» – Oil and gas Territory, 2015, No 2. P. 32–35.

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» Prospects for gas-bearing capacity of sedimentary rocks of Ordos basin

The specifics and conditions are considered for formation of sedimentary rocks of Ordos basin located in the central part of Chi- na. The extent area of sedimentary rocks is 25х104 km . The need in research of the rocks of Ordos basin consists in presence of oil deposits on the south and gas deposits in the north of the territory under survey. Major gas deposit has been currently discovered in Jingbian in the residuum of Ordovician system in the volume of 300 bln m [1]. A brief description is given for tectonic development of the basin during Ordovician period. As a result of survey, two gas-bearing systems of the residuum are identified. The principal interest is represented with the reservoir located in the residuum of Ordovi- cian system.

Keywords: Ordos basin, oil-bearing capacity, gas-bearing capacity, formation conditions, carbonate rocks, Modyago formation (suite), central part of China.

Authors:

Wang Yilin, Lomonosov Moscow State University (Moscow, Russia), Post Graduate of the Petroleum Geology Department, Geological Faculty, e-mail: yilin.wang2013@gmail.com;
Hins Cheung, Lomonosov Moscow State University (Moscow, Russia), Master’s Degree Student of the Department of Lithology and Marine Geology, Geological Faculty

References:

1.Konyukhov A.I. Neftegazonosnye bassejny na okrainah materikov v paleomorjah paleozoja. Soobshhenie 2: Nef tegazonosnye bassejny na okrainah materikov v Rejskom, Ural’skom i Central’no-Aziatskom paleomorjah [Oil-gas bearing basins on the continental margins in paleoseas of Palaeozoic. Message 2: Oil-gas bearing basins on the continental margins in Rey, Ural and Central-Asian paleoseas]. Litologija i poleznye
2. Yongtai Yang, Wei Li, and Long Ma. Tectonic and stratigraphic controls of hydrocarbon systems in the Ordos basin: A multicycle cratonic basin in central China. AAPG Bulletin, Vol. 89, № 2 (Februar y 2005). P. 255–269.
3. Andrew D. Hanson, Bradley D. Ritts, and J. Michael Moldowan. Orgainc geochemistry of oil and source rock strata of the Ordos Basin, north-central China. AAPG Bulletin, Vol. 91, № 9 (September 2007). P. 1273–1293.
4. Baoqing Wang, Ihsan S. Al-Aasm. Karst-controlled diagenesis and reservoir development: Example from the Ordovician main-reservoir carbonate rocks on the eastern margin of the Ordos basin, China. AAPG Bulletin, Vol. 86, № 9 (September 2002). P. 1639–1658.
5.Jingxin Dai Jian Li. Stable carbon isotope compositions and source rouck geochemistry of the giant gas accumulations in the Ordos Basin China. Organic Geochemistry, 2005, No. 36. P. 1617–1635.

For citation:
Wang Yilin, Hins Cheung. Perspektivy gazonosnosti osadochnyh porod bassejna Ordos [Prospects for gas-bearing capacity of sedimentar y rocks of Ordos basin]. Territoriya «NEFTEGAZ» – Oil and gas Territory, 2015, No 2. P. 52–55.

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» Lithofacies analysis of terrigene Bobrikovsky deposits, Pronkinskoye field, the Orenburg region

Terrigene deposits of Bobrikovsky horizon are some of the main operation facilities in the Orenburg Region. However, currently, when active reserves of many kinds of deposits have already been recovered in general, the need in in-depth analysis of geological structure of deposits has risen. Five classes of rocks with own petrophysical dependencies have been distinguished for formation B2 (Bobrikovsky horizon), Pronkinskoye field, types of open pits have been determined and analyzed. Sedimentological analysis has been performed based on a complex of laboratory research of core and wells geophysical research methods interpretation results, following which it was determined that formation of sand bodies of B2 formation happened in conditions of distributing fluvial channels of delta-shaped system. Lithological feature of Bobrikovsky deposits on Pronkinskoye field is epigenetic sulfatization of rocks increasing lateral inhomogeneity of B2 formation.

Keywords: facies, lithotype, geophysical research of wells, sulfatization, permeability and porosity.

Authors:

V.A. Shakirov, Tyumensky Neftyanoy Nauchny Tsentr LLC (Tyumen, Russia), Candidate of Geological and Mineralogical Sciences, Deputy Director for Orenburg Deposits Geology and Development Department;
Ye.S. Lopatina, Tyumensky Neftyanoy Nauchny Tsentr LLC (Tyumen, Russia), Chief Specialist, e-mail: eslopatina@tnk-bp.com;
L.A. Luzina, Tyumensky Neftyanoy Nauchny Tsentr LLC (Tyumen, Russia), Chief Specialist;
I.A. Maksimova, Tyumensky Neftyanoy Nauchny Tsentr LLC (Tyumen, Russia), Chief Specialist;
N.P. Devyatka, Tyumensky Neftyanoy Nauchny Tsentr LLC (Tyumen, Russia), Chief Specialist

References:

1. Reinek G.E., Singh I.B. Obstanovki terrigennogo osadkonakoplenija [Terrigenous deposition environments]. Moscow, Nedra, 1981. 439 p
2. Ashyrov K.B. O geologicheskom vremeni formirovanija mestorozhdenij Uralo-Povolzh’ja [On geological time of Urals-Volga region fields formation]. Geologija nefti i gaza = Oil and gas geology, 2009, No. 9. P. 25–29.
3. Geologicheskoe stroenie i neftegazonosnost’ Orenburgskoj oblasti [Geological structure and oil-and-gas content of the Orenburg region]. Orenburg, Orenburg book publishing house, 1997. 272 p.
4. Muromtsev V.S. Jelektrometricheskaja geologija peschanyh tel – litologicheskih lovushek nefti i gaza [Eleсtrometrical geology of sand bodies – oil and gas lithological traps]. Moscow, Nedra, 1984. 252 p.

For citation:
Shakirov V.A., Lopatina Ye.S., Luzina L.A., Maksimova I.A., Devyatka N.P. Litofacial’nyj analiz terrigennyh bobrikovskih otlozhenij Pron’kinskogo mestorozhdenija Orenburgskoj oblasti [Lithofacies analysis of terrigene Bobrikovsky deposits, Pronkinskoye field, the Orenburg Region]. Territoriya «NEFTEGAZ» – Oil and gas Territory, 2015, No 2. P. 44–50.

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» Features of the geological structure of tempest in vikulovskie suite sediments

Various points of view on the time-space sedimentation process of the Vikulov formation deposits were reviewed, some of them contradict each other. On the basis of lithologic-mineralogical and facies studies, it was established that rocks of BK1-3 productive strata of the Vikulov formation within Yem-Yegovskoye field presented by finely-grained sandstone, coarse siltstones, were often with layers and lenses of finely-grained siltstones accumulated in the range of open moveable shallow water conditions. Storms, short-term events of high energy, alternating with longer low energy conditions, are texturally expressed in tempestites. Container rocks of such genesis have high roughness, but they are laterally continued allowing for developing this type of deposits using horizontal well systems.

Keywords: sedimentation, layered reservoir, storm sediments, core, mineralogical makeup.

Authors:

V.M. Aleksandrov, Deputy General Director for Geology of Tandem JSC (Tyumen, Russia), Candidate of Science (Geology and Mineralogy), Assistant Professor, e-mail: alexandrov_v@aotandem.ru;
D.A. Kazanskaya, Tyumen State Oil and Gas University (Tymen, Russia), PhD candidate, e-mail: kazanskaya_d@aotandem.ru;
V.A. Belkina, Tyumen State Oil and Gas University (Tyumen, Russia), Candidate of Science (Physics and Mathematics)

References:

1. Atlas litologo-paleogeograficheskikh kart yurskogo i melovogo periodov Zapadno-Sibirskoy ravniny i ob’yasnitel’naya zapiska k atlasu [Atlas of lithological-paleogeographical maps of the Jurassic and Cretaceous periods of the West Siberian plain and the Explanatory note to the Atlas]. Scale 1:5 000000. Ed. by I.I. Nesterov. Trudy ZapSibNIGNI [Proceedings of the West-Siberian Oil Geological Research and Development Institute]. Tyumen, 1976. Iss. 93. 85 p.
2. Baraboshkin Ye.Yu. Razrabotka sedimentatsionnoi modeli melovykh otlozheniy po skvazhinam Kamennogo litsenzionnogo uchastka (Krasnoleninskoe mestorozhdenie). [Development of sedimentative model of the Cretaceous deposits in wells of the Kamenniy licensed site (Krasnoleninskoye field]. Moscow, LUKOIL JSC, 2010.
3. Dmitriyev S.A., Gritsyuk B.P., Zadorozhnaya I.A. Vydelenie fatsial’nykh grupp v razreze vikulovskoi svity na vostochnoi chasti Kamennoi plotshadi [Selection of facies groups in the Vikulov formation in the eastern part of the Kamennaya site]. Neft’ i gaz Zapadnoj Sibiri : materialy Mezhdunarodnoj nauchno-tehnicheskoj konferencii, posvjashhennoj 50-letiju Tjumenskogo industrial’nogo instituta – Oil and Gas in Western Siberia: Materials of the International Scientific and Technical Conference dedicated to the 50th anniversary of the Tyumen Industrial Institute. Tyumen, Tyumen State Oil and Gas University, 2013, vol. II. Pp. 193–198.
4. Kostenevich K.A., Fedortsov I.V. Obosnovanie litologo-fatsial’nykh zakonomernostei rasprostraneniya kollektorov v otlozheniyakh slozhnogo stroeniya [Rationale of lithofacies patterns of containers spread in complex structure deposits]. Neftjanoe hozjajstvo – Oil Industry, 2011, No. 4. Pp. 26–29.
5. Medvedev A.L. Kompleks zapolnenija vrezannyh dolin – novyj nefteproduktivnyj ob’ekt v melovyh otlozhenijah Krasnoleninskogo svoda Zapadnoj Sibiri (na primere Kamennogo mestorozhdenija). Autoref. diss. cand. geolg.-min. nauk [Incised valley filling complex – new oil-productive facility in the Cretaceous deposits of the Krasnoleninskiy fold of Western Siberia (as exemplified by the Kamenoye field). Abstract of Cand. Sc. in Geology and Mineralogy diss.]. Saint-Petersburg, 2010. 24 p.
6. Medvedev A.L., Hanford Ch.R., Lopatin A.Yu., Zverev K.V., Masalkin Yu.V., Kuzina Ye.V. Novyi nefteperspektivnyi ob’ekt – kompleks zapolneniya vrezannykh dolin v produktivnykh plastakh vikulovskoy svity Kamennogo mestorozhdeniya [New oil-bearing facility – incised valley filling complex in productive strata of the Vikulov formation of the Kamenye field]. Geologija, geofizika i razrabotka neftjanyh i gazovyh mestorozhdenij – Oil and gas fields geology, geophysics and development, 2009, No. 1, Pp. 4–20.
7. Reding H.G., Collinson J.D., Allen F.A., Elliott T., Shreiber B.Sh., Johnson G.D., Baldwin K.T., Sellwood B.U., Jenkins H.K., Stowe D.A.V., Edwards M., Mitchell A.H.G. Obstanovki osadkonakopleniya i fatsii [Sedimentation and facies conditions]. Moscow, Mir, 1990, vol. 1. 352 p.
8. Reineck G.E., Singh I.B. Obstanovki terrigennogo osadkonakopleniya (s rassmotreniem terrigennykh klasticheskikh osadkov) [Terrigenous sedimentation conditions (with review of terrigenous detrital deposits)]. Moscow, Nedra, 1981. 439 p.
9. Resheniya V Mezhvedomstvennogo regional’nogo stratigraficheskogo soveshchaniya po mezozoiskim otlozheniyam Zapadno-Sibirskoi ravniny [Resolutions of the V Interdepartmental Regional Stratigraphic Meeting on Mesozoic deposits of the West Siberian plain]. Tyumen, West-Siberian Oil Geological Research and Development Institute, 1991. 54 p.
10. Selli R.Ch. Drevnie obstanovki osadkonakopleniya [Ancient conditions of sedimentation] (Russ. translated by A.A. Nikonova, K.I. Nikonova). Moscow, Nedra, 1989. 294 p.
11. Husnullina G.R. Geologicheskoe stroenie i usloviya formirovaniya produktivnykh plastov vikulovskoy svity Krasnoleninskogo mestorozhdeniya nefti (Zapadnaya Sibir’). Autoref. diss. cand. geolg.-min. nauk [Geologic structure and conditions of forming productive strata of the Vikulov formation of the Krasnoleninskoye oil field (Western Siberia). Abstract of Cand. Sc. in Geology and Mineralogy diss.]. Tyumen, Tyumen State Oil and Gas University, 2014. 16 p.
12. Chistyakova N.F., Malykh A.G., Tretyakov V.K. Usloviya nakopleniya peschanikov i neftenosnost’ otlozheniy vikulovskoi svity central’noi chasti Mansiyskoi sineklizy [Conditions of sandstone accumulation and oil bearing capacity of Vikulov formation deposits of the Mansi Depression central part]. Geologija nefti i gaza – Oil and gas geology, 1994, No. 1. Pp. 5–9.

For citation:
Aleksandrov V.M., Kazanskaya D.A., Belkina V.A. Osobennosti geologicheskogo stroenija tempestitov v otlozhenijah vikulovskoj svity [Features of the geological structure of tempest in vikulovskie suite sediments]. Territoriya «NEFTEGAZ» – Oil and gas Territory, 2015, No 2. P. 36–43.

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» Performance optimization of a compressor shop equipped with power units of various unit capacities at underground gas storages

This article deals with the method to enhance reliability of operation and optimization of performance of the compressor shop of the underground gas storage facilities with installed gas pumping units of various unit capacities. Various options for various types of gas pumping units loading were compared when changing the gas flow through the compression system, which allows finding the optimal combination of units operating in the compressor shop under all operating characteristics of the compressor shop during injection, as well as determining the boundaries of areas of their most efficient use. Results of the energy effect calculation show that optimal transition between various compression schemes during the shop part-load operation allows getting fuel gas savings of about 1.3–5.5%.

Keywords: compressor station of underground gas storage, compressor units with different power, compressor shed, cost reduction, optimization of compressor shed operation

Authors:

A.F. Kalinin, Gubkin Russian State University of Oil and Gas (Moscow, Russia), Doctor of Technical Sciences, professor of the department of thermodynamics and heat engines;
A.A. Konovalov, Scientific-Research Institute of Economics and Management Organization in Gas Industry LLC (Moscow, Russia), deputy chief of department, e-mail: a.konovalov@econom.gazprom.ru

References:

1. Galiullin Z.T., Leontyev Ye.V. Intensifikatsiya magistral’nogo transporta gaza [Intensification of mainline gas transport]. Moscow, Nedra, 1991. 271 p.
2. Kalinin A.F. Raschet, regulirovanie i optimizatsiya rezhimov raboty gazoperekachivayuschikh agregatov [Calculation, control and optimization of gas pumping units operation]: Teaching aid. Moscow, MPA-Press, 2011. 264 p.
3. Kalinin A.F., Konovalov A.A. Osobennosti formirovaniya sistem komprimirovaniya pri rekonstruktsii kompressornykh stantsiy podzemnykh khranilitsh gaza [Special aspects of forming compression systems when reconstructing compressor stations of underground gas storage facilities]. Upravlenie kachestvom v neftegazovom komplekse = Quality management in the oil and gas industry, 2013, No. 3. P. 45–49.
4. R Gazprom 2-3.5-438-2010 «Raschet teplotekhnicheskikh, gazodinamicheskikh i ekologicheskikh parametrov gazoperekachivayutshikh agregatov na peremennykh rezhimah» [«Calculation of thermotechnical, gas-dynamic and environmental characteristics of gas pumping units and variable mode»]. Moscow, Gazprom JSC, 2010. 70 p.

For citation:
Kalinin A.F., Konovalov A.A. Optimizacija raboty kompressornogo tsekha kompressornoj stancii podzemnogo hranilishha gaza, osnashhennogo agregatami razlichnoj edinichnoj motshnosti [Performance optimization of a compressor shop equipped with power units of various unit capacities at underground gas storages]. Territoriya «NEFTEGAZ» – Oil and gas Territory, 2015, No 2. P. 91–95.

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» Heat exchanges using anisotropic-porous materials

More efficient heat-exchange equipment should be developed to save materials and energy. This paper deals with experimental study of the possibility to apply anisotropic porous materials (APM) in heat exchangers. Application of state-of-the-art technology allowed the authors to produce the goods from APM in the form of multi-bore tubes with lengthwise passages. The structures of heat exchangers that were manufactured using various cross-section profiles (round and rectangular cross-section) are offered from the elements of APM and can be used successfully in heat regenerators. The advantage of such surface as compared to finned pipes is uniformity of its washing and possibility of supply of heat carriers according to counter-flow diagram. To determine particular area of the most efficient application, the dependencies were obtained for calculation of heat transfer and aerodynamic resistance of heat exchangers made of APM with various geometric characteristics at different parameters of heat exchanging media. Based on obtained experimental data, the analysis is performed for heat engineering and aerodynamic properties and dependencies are obtained for heat transfer coefficient and aerodynamic resistance of the surface from APM at any values of geometric parameters of the elements and air flow in the cross section area. Comparison of power consumption coefficients per unit of the surface showed that the APM surfaces are more efficient than the ribbed pipes and can substitute them. The authors of the article showed the trends and basic lines for improvement in the efficiency and reliability of heat-exchange equipment applied in the oil and gas industry.

Keywords: heat exchanger, anisotropic-porous material (APM).

Authors:

Yu.D. Zemenkov, Tyumen State Oil and Gas University (Tyumen, Russia), Doctor of Sciences (Engineering), Professor, Head of the Chair for Transportation of Hydrocarbon Resources of the Institute of Transport, e-mail: zemenkov@tsogu.ru;
B.V. Moiseev, Tyumen State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering (Tyumen, Russia), Doctor of Sciences (Engineering), Professor;
S.M. Dudin, Tyumen State Oil and Gas University (Tyumen, Russia), Assistant;
N.V. Nalobin, Tyumen State Oil and Gas University (Tyumen, Russia), Candidate of Sciences (Engineering), Associate Professor

References:

1. Moiseev B.V., Zemenkov Yu.D., Toporov S.Yu. Promyshlennaya teploenergetika [Industrial power system]: Text-book. Tyumen, Tyumen State Oil and Gas University, 2014. 236 p.
2. Isachenko V.P., Osipova V.A., Sukomel A.S. Teploperedacha [Heat Transfer]. Moscow, Energoizdat, 1981. 416 p
3. Royzen L.I., Dulkin I.N. Teplovoy raschet orebrennyx poverkhnostey [Thermal Design of Ribbed Surfaces]. Moscow, Energy, 1977. 256 p
4. Baklastov A.M., Gorbenko V.A., Danilov O.A. and others. Promyshlennye teplomassoobmennye protsesy i ustanovki [Industrial heat-mass exchange processes and plants]. Higher school textbook. Moscow, Energoatomizdat, 1986. 328 p.

For citation:
Zemenkov Yu.D., Moiseev B.V., Dudin S.M., Nalobin N.V. Teploobmenniki s ispol'zovaniem anizotropno-poristyh materialov [Heat Exchanges Using Anisotropic-Porous Materials]. Territoriya «NEFTEGAZ» – Oil and gas Territory, 2015, No 2. P. 86–90.

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» Prospects for creation and application of devices for oil refraction and dispersion at the well head survey

It is indicated that the optical properties of oil – absorptivity factor and optical density, refraction and dispersion indices – found use in solving various tasks in exploration and field-geological control of oil fields development. The technologies of such surveys provide for oil sampling at the well head, long-term and massive laboratory and analytical surveys. The results of such surveys come out with considerable time delay, with a lag from current process of development. Besides, they may be distorted as a result of deviation of physical and chemical characteristics of the samples from natural ones during their transportation and storage. The scope of lost or misinterpreted information can be increased during the process of long-term surveys, since the properties of hydrocarbon mixtures in the formation vary continuously, and the measured properties of the samples will not describe current formation conditions. Therefore, the automated devices of various types are proposed for survey of optical properties of oil directly on the well on a real-time basis. A circuit diagram is given for the device for measurement of the oil refraction and dispersion indices at the producing well head. The device includes a casing and the following main blocks (or removable modules) – receiving, power, measuring, photovoltaic, trans- formation, data storage and transmission, discharge ones. The device is mounted directly on the wellhead equipment at the sample outlet. The proposed device is characterized with a number of advantages. It can be used for measurement of the refraction and aver age dispersion of crude oil as well as flow meter, sampler or regular collector, or in various combinations depending on the tasks to be solved. The software of the device may include several levels of software products.

Keywords: optical testing of oil, oil absorptivity factor, oil optical density, refraction and dispersion indices, mobile device.

Authors:

R.N. Burkhanov, Almetyevsk State Oil Institute (Almetyevsk, Republic of Tatarstan, Russia), Candidate of Sciences (Geology and Mineralogy), Head of Geology Department, Provost for Research, e-mail: burkhanov_rn@mail.ru

References:

1. Khisamov R.S., Burkhanov R.N., Khannanov M.T. Sposob jekspluatacii skvazhiny [Well operation method]. RF Patent No. 2304701, 2007.
2. Khisamov R.S., Burkhanov R.N., Khannanov M.T. Sposob razrabotki neodnorodnoj neftjanoj zalezhi [Method for heterogeneous oil deposit development]. RF Patent No. 2304705, 2007.
3. Burkhanov R.N. Opticheskie svojstva nefti [Optical properties of oil]. Uchenye zapiski Al’met’evskogo gosudarstvennogo neftjanogo instituta = Bulletin of Almetyevsk State Oil Institute, 2012, Vol. IX, Part 2. P. 238–248.
4. Burkhanov R.N., Khannanov M.T., Farrakhov I.M. Teoreticheskie osnovy refraktometricheskih issledovanij [Theoretical framework of refractometric investigations]. Materialy nauchnoj sessii uchenyh Al’met’evskogo gosudarstvennogo neftjanogo instituta = Proceedings of the Scientific Session of Almetyevsk State Oil Institute, 2012, Vol. 1. P. 20–21.
5. Burkhanov R.N., Khannanov M.T., Valiullin I.V. Primenenie opticheskogo metoda v geologo-promyslovyh celjah [Application of optical method for field-geological purpose]. Izvestija vuzov, Neft’ i gaz = News of Higher Educational Institutions, Oil and Gas, 2006, No. 1. P. 4–10.
6. Burkhanov R.N., Maksyutin A.V. Obobshhenie rezul’tatov opticheskih issledovanij nefti Arhangel’skogo mestorozhdenija [Summary of the results of optical surveys of oil at Arkhangelskoye field]. Geologija, geografija i global’naja jenergija = Geology, Geography and Global Energy, 2013, No. 2 (49). P. 34–40.
7. Burkhanov R.N., Khannanov M.T. Perspektivy primenenija opticheskih issledovanij dlja podscheta ostatochnyh izvlekaemyh zapasov nefti [Prospects for application of optical surveys for remaining recoverable reserves of oil calculation]. Uchenye zapiski Al’met’evskogo gosudarstvennogo neftjanogo instituta = Bulletin of Almetyevsk State Oil Institute, 2011, Vol. IX. P. 19–28.
8. Burkhanov R.N., Khazipov R.R., Khannanov M.T. Sposob issledovanija skvazhiny dlja ocenki ostatochnyh izvlekaemyh zapasov [Well survey method for remaining recoverable reserves evaluation]. Materialy nauchnoj sessii uchenyh Al’met’evskogo gosudarstvennogo neftjanogo instituta = Proceedings of the Scientific Session of Almetyevsk State Oil Institute, 2014, Vol. 1, No. 1. P. 228–232.
9. Burkhanov R.N. Sposob issledovanija skvazhin opticheskimi metodami dlja opredelenija kolichestva ostatochnyh izvlekaemyh zapasov razrabatyvaemogo mestorozhdenija [Well survey using optical methods for determination of the amount of remaining recoverable reserves of the developed field]. RF Patent No. 2496982, 2012.
10. Farrakhov I.M., Burkhanov R.N., Khannanov M.T. Zakonomernosti izmenenija opticheskih svojstv dobyvaemoj nefti pri polimernom zavodnenii Arhangel’skogo mestorozhdenija [Regularities in variation of optical properties of extracted oil at polymer flooding of Arkhangelskoye field]. Neft’, gaz i biznes = Oil, Gas and Business, 2010, No. 3. P. 66–69.
11. Raupov I.R., Kondrasheva N.K., Burkhanov R.N., Shcherbakov G.Yu. Kontrol’ za razrabotkoj neftjanogo mestorozhdenija pri vnutriplastovoj izoljacii opticheskim metodom [Control over oil field development at intraformational shutoff using optical method]. Materialy nauchnoj sessii uchenyh Al’met’evskogo gosudarstvennogo neftjanogo instituta = Proceedings of the Scientific Session of Almetyevsk State Oil Institute, 2014, Vol. 1, No. 1. P. 252–257.
12. Raupov I.R., Kondrasheva N.K., Burkhanov R.N., Khruskin S.V. Metod kontrolja za razrabotkoj neftjanogo mestorozhdenija na zavershajushhej stadii pri vnutriplastovoj vodoizoljacii [Method of oil field development control at the final stage under intraformational water shutoff]. Vestnik TsKR Rosnedra = Herald of Central Development Committee of Federal Subsoil Resources Management Agency, 2014, No. 4. P. 30–35.
13. Burkhanov R.N., Khannanov M.T., Farrakhov I.M. Refraktometricheskie issledovanija tjazheloj i vysokovjazkoj nefti [Refractometric investigations of heavy and high-viscosity oil]. Materialy nauchnoj sessii uchenyh Al’met’evskogo gosudarstvennogo neftjanogo institute = Proceedings of the Scientific Session of Almetyevsk State Oil Institute, 2012, Vol. 1. P. 16–20.
14. Raupov I.R., Kondrasheva N.K., Burkhanov R.N., Shcherbakov G.Yu. Ustrojstvo dlja izmerenija kojefficienta svetopogloshhenija nefti na ust’e skvazhiny [Device for measurement of oil absorptivity factor at the well head]. Materialy nauchnoj sessii uchenyh Al’met’evskogo gosudarstvennogo neftjanogo institute = Proceedings of the Scientific Session of Almetyevsk State Oil Institute, 2014, Vol. 1, No. 1. P. 237–242.
15. Burkhanov R.N., Shcherbakov G.Yu. Skvazhinnoe fotometricheskoe ustrojstvo [Downhole photometric device]. RF Patent No. 122434, 2012.
16. Burkhanov R.N., Raupov I.R. Mobil’noe ustrojstvo avtomatizirovannogo izmerenija opticheskih svojstv nefti na ust’e neftedobyvajushhej skvazhiny [Mobile device for automated measurement of oil optical properties at the oil producing well head]. RF Patent No. 123455, 2012.
17. Raupov I.R., Kondrasheva N.K., Burkhanov R.N. Razrabotka mobil’nogo ustrojstva dlja izmerenija opticheskih svojstv nefti pri reshenii geologopromyslovyh zadach [Development of mobile device for oil optical properties measurement in solving field-geological tasks]. Neftegazovoe delo: jelektronnyj zhurnal = Oil and Gas Business: Electronic scientific journal, 2014, No. 3. P. 17–32.
18. Burkhanov R.N. Skvazhinnoe ustrojstvo dlja izmerenija opticheskih svojstv nefti na ust’e skvazhiny [Downhole device for oil optical properties measurement at the well head]. RF Patent No. 116893, 2012.
19. Burkhanov R.N. Ustrojstvo dlja issledovanija pokazatelej prelomlenija i dispersii nefti na ust’e dobyvajushhej skvazhiny [Device for study of the oil refraction and dispersion indices at the producing well head]. RF Patent No. 146223, 2013.

For citation:
Burkhanov R.N. Perspektivy sozdanija i primenenija ustrojstva dlja issledovanija pokazatelej prelomlenija i dispersii nefti na ust ’e skvazhiny [Prospects for creation and application of devices for oil refraction and dispersion at the well head survey]. Territoriya «NEFTEGAZ» – Oil and gas Territory, 2015, No 2. P. 78–84.

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» Influence of formation conductivity on value of rated (designed) and actual value of oil extraction factor

For new deposits characterized by incomplete and inaccurate information, the accepted value of oil recovery factor (ORF) can ap- pear to be either lower, or higher. Using the example of 500 oil deposits, correspondence of rated and actual ORF values achieved was analyzed for terrigene reservoirs at various formation conductivity values. A value received on condition of sampling at least 80% of extracted resources is taken as an actual obtained ORF value. Formation conductivity value ( ) characterizes oil filtration conditions and for the formations under consideration takes on a value from 1 to 12,090 Dm/Pa.s. All formations were joined in four groups by value with various combinations of three parameters that are included in it. Rated and actual values of ORF by formations belonging to the same group by hydraulic conductivity value, and various groups, but formed by similar intervals of permeability and porosity values, can differ appreciably. Limitations on maximum and minimum values of ORF, which can be obtained by formations characterized by various permeabili- ty and porosity and developed using flooding, were defined based on the carried out analysis of rated and actually obtained ORF.

Keywords: oil recovery factor, conductivity, hydraulic conductivity, permeability and porosity.

Authors:

L.N. Nazarova, Gubkin Russian State University of Oil and Gas (Moscow, Russia), Doctor of Science, Assistant Professor of Oil Deposits Development and Operation Department, e-mail: Nazarova-ln@irmu.ru

References:

1. Baziv V.F., Vasilyev I.P., Ustimov S.K., Yegurtsov N.N. Osnovnye napravlenija po sovershenstvovaniju proektnyh tehnologicheskih dokumentov [Basic directions of design process documentation improvement]. Sbornik trudov Vserossijskogo soveshhanija po razrabotke neftjanyh mestorozhdenij [Collected works of the All-Russian Meeting on oil deposits development]. Almetyevsk, 2002.
2. Grigor yev M. Regional’naja specif ika trudnoizvlekaemyh zapasov nef ti Rossii [Regional specif ics of scavenger oil of Russia]. Neftegazovaya vertikal’, 2011, No. 5, pp. 14–19.
3. Zhdanov S. A. , Malyut ina G. S. Vlijanie razbalansirovk i sistemy razrabotki na polnotu vyrabotki zapasov [Influence of development systemunbal ance on reserve recovery completeness]. Trudy 5-go Mezhdunarodnogo tehnologicheskogo simpoziuma [Works of the 5th International Technologic Symposium]. Moscow, Institut neftegazovogo biznesa – The Institute of Oil and Gas Business, 2006, 150 p.
4. Ivanova M.M., Cholovsky I.P., Bragin Yu.I. Neftegazopromyslovaja geologija [Oil and gas f ield geology]. Moscow, Nedra, 2000. 414 p.
5. Muslimov R.Kh. Sovremennye metody upravlenija razrabotkoj neftjanyh mestorozhdenij s primeneniem zavodnenija [State-of-the-art methods for oil deposit development management using flooding]: Textbook. Kazan: Kazansk University Publishing House, 2003, 596 p.

For citation:
Nazarova L.N. Vlijanie gidroprovodnosti plasta na velichinu raschetnogo (proektnogo) i fakticheskogo znachenija kojef f icienta izvlechenija nef ti [Influence of formation conductivity on value of rated (designed) and actual value of oil extraction factor]. Territoriya «NEFTEGAZ» – Oil and gas Territory, 2015, No 2. P. 74–77.

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» Prospects for oil production at the deposits of Khanty-Mansi autonomous area – Ugra

For all 250 deposits being developed at Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Area – Ugra, the flow charts are built for oil production and fluid, flooding, recovery rate from initial recoverable reserves and water cut. The produced charts were used for determination of development stage of the deposits under consideration and distribution of remaining recoverable reserves by these stages. It will allow representing the structure of reserves in some other view. Firstly, it was found what amount of remaining reserves account- ed for the deposits of the first, second, third and fourth stages of development, which indicates indirectly, e.g. the potential for increase of the first stage deposits or potential for reduction of the third stage deposits. Secondly, we learned distribution of annual production by the deposits being at different stages of development, which indicates indirectly possible future reduction or growth of general dynamics of oil production for the area. In general, the performed analysis allowed forecasting further dynamics of oil production in Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Area – Ugra. The article provides also evaluation of non-draining reserves of oil in the deposits of the fourth development stage and gives some recommendations for their involvement into development.

Keywords: oil production in Khanty-Mansi autonomous area – Ugra, development stages.

Authors:

A.V. Sarancha, Tyumen State Oil and Gas University (Tyumen, Russia), Candidate of Sciences (Engineering), Associate Professor of the Development and Exploitation of Oil and Gas Deposits Department, e-mail: sarantcha@mail.ru;
I.S. Sarancha, Tyumen State Oil and Gas University (Tyumen, Russia), Master’s Degree Student of the Development and Exploitation of Oil and Gas Deposits Department, e-mail: sarantcha@mail.ru

References:

1. Lisovskiy N.N., Ivanova M.M, Baziv V.F., Malyugin V.M. Sovershenstvovanie razrabotki neftjanyh mestorozhdenij v chetvertoj stadii [Enhancement of the development of oil deposits in the fourth stage]. Vestnik TsKR Rosnedra = Herald of Central Development Committee of Federal Subsoil Resources Management Agency, 2008, No.1. P. 9–11.
2. Boyko V.S. Razrabotka i jekspluatacija neftjanyh mestorozhdenij [Development and exploitation of oil deposits]: Textbook for universities. Moscow, Nedra, 1998. 365 p.
3. Gimatudinov Sh.K., Dunyushkin I.I., Zaytsev V.M. et al. Razrabotka i jekspluatacija neftjanyh, gazovyh i gazokondensatnyh mestorozhdenij [Development and exploitation of oil, gas and gas condensate deposits]: Textbook for universities, ed. by Sh.K. Gimatudinov. Moscow, Nedra, 1988. 302 p.
4. Zheltov Yu.P. Razrabotka neftjanyh mestorozhdenij [Development of oil deposits]: Textbook for universities, 2nd ed., revised and enlarged. Moscow, Nedra, 1998. 365 p.
5. Tolstolytkin I.P. Razrabotka trudnoizvlekaemyh zapasov nefti v Hanty-Mansijskom avtonomnom okruge [Development of oil reserves difficult to recover in Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Area – Ugra]. Vestnik TsKR Rosnedra = Herald of Central Development Committee of Federal Subsoil Resources Management Agency, 2008, No. 2. P. 15–19.
6. Teplyakov Ye.A. Modernizacija GRR i VMSB HMAO-Jugry nikomu ne nuzhna? [Is there need in modernization of geological exploration activities and raw material base recovery of Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Area – Ugra?]. Neftegazovaja vertikal’ = Oil and Gas Vertical, 2010, No. 23–24. P. 48–51.
7. Tolstolytkin I.P. Razrabotka neftjanyh mestorozhdenij HMAO-Jugry. Sostojanie i puti sovershenstvovanija [Development of oil deposits of Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Area – Ugra. Status and ways to improve]. Neftegazovaja vertikal’ = Oil and Gas Vertical, 2010, No. 23–24. P. 52–58.
8. Muslimov R.Kh. Metody povyshenija jeffektivnosti razrabotki neftjanyh mestorozhdenij v pozdnej stadii [Methods for improvement of the efficiency in development of oil deposits in the late stage]. Vestnik TsKR Rosnedra = Herald of Central Development Committee of Federal Subsoil Resources Management Agency, 2008, No. 1. P. 12–18.
9. Tolstolytkin I.P., Mukharlyamova N.V. Ispol’zovanie zapasov nefti na mestorozhdenii HMAO-Jugry [Use of oil reserves at the deposit of KhantyMansi Autonomous Area – Ugra]. Nauka i TEK = Science and FPC, 2012, No. 4. P. 26–28.
10. Sarancha A.V., Sarancha I.S. Analiz razrabotki mestorozhdenij HMAO-Jugry s pozicii ih stadijnosti [Analysis of development of the deposits of Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Area – Ugra from their staging perspective]. Akademicheskij zhurnal Zapadnoj Sibiri = Academic Journal of West Siberia, 2014, No. 1. P. 126–128.
11. Sarancha A.V. Kubasov D.A. Analiz razrabotki mestorozhdenij HMAO-Jugry s pozicii ih stadijnosti [Analysis of development of the deposits of Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Area – Ugra from their staging perspective]. Gorniye Vedomosti, 2012, No. 2. P. 66–69.
12. Kildyshev S.N., Kubasov D.A., Dorofeyev A.A., Sarancha A.V. Koncepcija vydelenija jekspluatacionnyh ob’ektov na Juzhno-Russkom neftegazokondensatnom mestorozhdenii [The concept for identification of production facilities at Yuzhno-Russkoye oil-gas-condensate field]. Gornyye Vedomosti, 2011, No. 7. P. 52–59.

For citation:
Sarancha A.V., Sarancha I.S. Perspektivy neftedobychi mestorozhdenij HMAO-Jugry [Prospects for oil production at the deposits of Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Area – Ugra]. Territoriya «NEFTEGAZ» – Oil and gas Territory, 2015, No 2. P. 64–70.

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Territorija Neftegas № 2 2015

Read in this issue:

Diagnosis

Drilling

Gas distribution stations and gas supply system

Geology

Transport, storage and processing of oil and gas

Fields Development and operation installation

Territorija Neftegas № 2 2015

Read in this issue:

Diagnosis

Drilling

Gas distribution stations and gas supply system

Geology

Transport, storage and processing of oil and gas

﻿Fields Development and operation installation

Fields Development and operation installation